Telco Security
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4G/LTE Attacks

MitM Attacks

CRITICAL SEVERITY
Overview

Man-in-the-Middle attacks on LTE networks position the attacker between the device and legitimate network infrastructure to intercept, monitor, and manipulate communications.

Technical Overview

LTE MitM attacks typically involve rogue eNodeBs that relay traffic between devices and the legitimate network while monitoring and potentially modifying data in transit. The attacker must overcome LTE security features like mutual authentication and encryption.

Impact
Potential consequences of this attack
  • Data interception and surveillance
  • Traffic manipulation and injection
  • Credential harvesting
  • Session hijacking
  • Privacy violations
Attack Vectors
Methods used to execute this attack
  • Rogue eNodeB with traffic relay
  • ARP spoofing in LTE backhaul
  • DNS manipulation for traffic redirection
  • TLS downgrade attacks
  • Certificate validation bypass
Attack Methodology
Step-by-step attack execution process
  1. 1Deploy rogue eNodeB to intercept connections
  2. 2Establish relay to legitimate network
  3. 3Intercept and analyze traffic
  4. 4Identify unencrypted or weakly encrypted protocols
  5. 5Perform protocol-specific attacks (HTTP, DNS)
  6. 6Inject malicious content where possible
Mitigations & Defense
Protective measures and countermeasures
  • Use end-to-end encryption for all communications
  • Implement certificate pinning in applications
  • Use VPN with strong encryption
  • Enable HTTPS-only mode in browsers
  • Deploy network-level MitM detection
  • Monitor for certificate anomalies
Real-World Examples
Known incidents and use cases
  • Public Wi-Fi and cellular MitM attacks
  • Corporate network surveillance
  • Government interception programs
  • Credential theft at public events
  • Banking fraud through traffic manipulation